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A US Air Force (USAF) F-117A Nighthawk Stealth Fighter aircraft flies over Nellis Air Force Base (AFB), Nevada (NV), during the joint service experimentation process dubbed Millennium Challenge 2002 (MC02). Sponsored by the US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), the MC02 experiment explores how Effects Based Operations (EBO) can provide an integrated joint context for conducting rapid, decisive operations (RDO)

A US Air Force (USAF) F-16CJ Fighting Falcon aircraft flies a fueling mission with a USAF KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft assigned to the 97th Air Refueling Wing (ARW), over Nellis Air Force Base (AFB), Nevada (NV), during the joint service experimentation process dubbed Millennium Challenge 2002 (MC02). Sponsored by the US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), the MC02 experiment explores how Effects Based Operations (EBO) can provide an integrated joint context for conducting rapid, decisive operations (RDO)

A US Air Force (USAF) F-16D Fighting Falcon aircraft armed with two AIM-120 Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missiles (AMRAAM) and one AIM-9 Sidewinder Missile, assigned to the 162nd Fighter Wing (FW) Arizona (AZ), Air National Guard (ANG) flies a mission over Nellis Air Force Base (AFB), Nevada (NV), during the joint service experimentation process dubbed Millennium Challenge 2002 (MC02). Sponsored by the US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), the MC02 experiment explores how Effects Based Operations (EBO) can provide an integrated joint context for conducting rapid, decisive operations (RDO)

US Air Force (USAF) Airmen assigned to the 57th Aircraft Generation Squadron (AGS), upload an AIM-9 Sidewinder missile onto the wing pylon of a USAF F-15 Strike Eagle aircraft on the flight line at Nellis Air Force Base (AFB), Nevada (NV) in participation for the joint service experimentation process dubbed Millennium Challenge 2002 (MC02). Sponsored by the US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), the MC02 experiment explores how Effects Based Operations (EBO) can provide an integrated joint context for conducting rapid, decisive operations (RDO)

A US Air Force (USAF) F-16C Fighting Falcon aircraft armed with two AIM-120 Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missiles (AMRAAM) and one AIM-9 Sidewinder Missile, assigned to the 162nd Fighter Wing (FW) Arizona (AZ), Air National Guard (ANG) flies a mission over Nellis Air Force Base (AFB), Nevada (NV), during the joint service experimentation process dubbed Millennium Challenge 2002 (MC02). Sponsored by the US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), the MC02 experiment explores how Effects Based Operations (EBO) can provide an integrated joint context for conducting rapid, decisive operations (RDO)

A US Air Force (USAF) 452nd Air Mobility Wing (AMW), March Air Force Base (AFB), California (CA), approaches a 91st Air Refueling Squadron (ARS), MacDill AFB, Florida (FL), KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft in order to be air refueled prior to completing its mission back to McChord AFB, Washington (WA) during the USAF Air Mobility Command (AMC) sponsored Rodeo 98 airlift competition at McChord AFB, WA

A US Air Force (USAF) HH-60G Pave Hawk helicopter assigned to the 66th Rescue Squadron (RQS), conducts midair fueling over Nellis Air Force Base (AFB), Nevada (NV), during a joint service experimentation process dubbed Millennium Challenge 2002 (MC02). Sponsored by the US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), the MC02 experiment explores how Effects Based Operations (EBO) can provide an integrating, joint context for conducting rapid, decisive operations (RDO)

U.S. Air Force crew chiefs and weapons specialists, from the 8th and 9th Fighter Squadrons, prepare to recover an F-117 Nighthawk aircraft coming back from a mission during an Operational Readiness Inspection at Holloman Air Force Base (AFB), N.M., on Nov. 3, 2004. The 49th Fighter Wing at Holloman AFB is being tested on its ability to deploy and maintain operations in a simulated combat environment. (USAF PHOTO by TSgt James R. Hart Jr.) (Released)

A U.S. Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft flown by MAJ. Marc Himelhoch from the 77th Fighter Squadron, Shaw Air Force Base, S.C., looks for simulated targets and hostile aircraft during exercise Operation Iron Thunder on Feb. 7, 2007, near Shaw AFB. The exercise offers a chance for participants to be exposed to missions identical to those faced in combat. More than 100 aircraft from the U.S. military and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) forces are participating in the exercise. The aircraft is armed with AIM-120 Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM) missiles on each wing and an AIM-9M Sidewinder missile (left wing). (U.S. Air Force photo by STAFF SGT Suzanne...

A US Air Force (USAF) F-117A Nighthawk Stealth Fighter aircraft flies a fueling mission with a USAF KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft assigned to the 97th Air Refueling Wing (ARW), over Nellis Air Force Base (AFB), Nevada (NV), during the joint service experimentation process dubbed Millennium Challenge 2002 (MC02). Sponsored by the US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), the MC02 experiment explores how Effects Based Operations (EBO) can provide an integrated joint context for conducting rapid, decisive operations (RDO)

description

Summary

The original finding aid described this photograph as:

Base: Nellis Air Force Base

State: Nevada (NV)

Country: United States Of America (USA)

Scene Camera Operator: SSGT Aaron D. Allmon Ii, USAF

Release Status: Released to Public

Combined Military Service Digital Photographic Files

In 1964, Pyotr Ufimtsev, Russian mathematician, pioneered the idea that the level of the radar return from an airplane is related to its edge configuration, not its size. Basing on work by the German physicist Arnold Sommerfeld, Ufimtsev demonstrated that an aircraft radar signature can be reduced. By the 1970s, Lockheed analyst Denys Overholser found Ufimtsev's paper and F-117 Nighthawk was born as a black project, an ultra-secret Pentagon program. The F-117 has a radar cross-section of about 0.001 m2 (0.0108 sq ft). The F-117A carries no radar and whether it carries any radar detection equipment is classified. The F-117 also reduces infrared signature, lacks afterburners, and limited to subsonic speeds. However, the resulting design makes the aircraft aerodynamically unstable and requires constant flight corrections from a fly-by-wire flight system to maintain controlled flight. A pilot, who flew it while it was still a secret project, stated that when he first saw a photograph of the F-117, he "promptly giggled and thought to this clearly can't fly'". It has low engine thrust due to losses in the inlet and outlet, a low wing aspect ratio, and 50° wing sweep angle to deflect radar waves to the sides. Supercomputers made it possible for subsequent aircraft like the B-2 to use curved surfaces while maintaining stealth. The 558 Nighthawk's pilots called themselves "Bandits", such as "Bandit 17", that where 17 is a sequential order of their first flight in the F-117. The aircraft was in use during Panama invasion, the Gulf War in 1991 and was first shot down in Serbia during on 27 March 1999 by an antiquate Soviet-made SA-3s (S-125 "Neva" ) anti-aircraft missile. The pilot was recovered by a United States Air Force Pararescue team. According to Serbian anti-aircraft unit commander, they spotted the aircraft on the radar when its bomb-bay doors opened, raising its radar signature. The Serbs invited Russians to inspect the aircraft's remains, compromising the stealth technology. Although officially retired, the F-117 fleet remains intact and some of the aircraft are flown periodically as of 2019.

label_outline

Tags

air force usaf nighthawk stealth fighter aircraft nighthawk stealth fighter aircraft mission usaf kc stratotanker stratotanker aircraft arw nellis nellis air force base afb nevada service experimentation process service experimentation process millennium challenge millennium challenge joint command joint forces command usjfcom experiment effects operations ebo context rdo f 117 a kc 135 stratotanker refueling staff sergeant us air force air force base stealth fighter f 117 f 117 nighthawk high resolution usaf kc 135 stratotanker aircraft f 117 a nighthawk stealth fighter aircraft mc 02 experiment mc 02 ssgt aaron allmon ii military aircraft us national archives kc 135
date_range

Date

06/08/2002
collections

in collections

F-117

F-117 Nighthawk stealth bomber aircraft
place

Location

create

Source

The U.S. National Archives
link

Link

https://catalog.archives.gov/
copyright

Copyright info

No known copyright restrictions

label_outline Explore Nighthawk Stealth Fighter Aircraft, Rdo, Ebo

Army Sgt. Maj. Michael Hackett, senior enlisted leader

USAF KC-10 Extender aircraft arrives at McChord AFB, Wash. for participation in the annual mobility competition, "RODEO 94"

A close-up of the exterior of the cockpit area of a B-2 Spirit, stealth bomber, from the 509th Bomb Wing, inside the hangar. Inside the cockpit pilots can be seen climbing into their seats prior to engine start. Global Guardian is designed to exercise the ability of USSTRATCOM and its component forces to effectively deter a military attack against the United States and employ forces as directed by the National Command Authority

F-117A Nighthawk Stealth Fighter attack aircraft, on static display in support of the Supreme Allied Commander, Atlantic (SACLANT) Seminar held at Langley AFB, Virginia. The SACLANT Seminar was attended by 100 delegates from 18 countries, the purpose was to bring NATO leaders together to discuss issues from a Maritime and North American perspective and give leaders a hands on opportunity

Col. Jeffrey T. Schreiner, the incoming 509th Bomb

US Air Force (USAF) Technical Sergeant (TSGT) Cole Foster, 155th Air Refueling Wing (ARW), Nebraska (NE), Air National Guard (ANG), performs maintenance on the variable bleed valve for the fuel system on a USAF KC-135R Stratotanker aircraft, inside an aircraft hangar at the Lincoln Municipal Airport, Lincoln, NE

Boom Operators point of view showing a US Air Force (USAF) B-2 Spirit aircraft approaching the refueling boom of a Alaskan Air National Guard KC-135 Stratotanker aircraft while conducting refueling operations during Exercise NORTHERN EDGE 02. Northern Edge '02 is an annual joint training exercise held in Alaska designed to exercise joint operations techniques, procedures and enhance interoperability among the services

F-22 Demo Team pilot, Major "Loco" Lopez performs during

US Air Force (USAF) Colonel (COL) John Cinco (left) assigned to the 332nd Combat Support Hospital examines an Iraqi baby during a Medical Capabilities Mission (MEDCAP), at Logistics Support Area (LSA) Anaconda, Iraq, during Operation IRAQI FREEDOM

Lt. Col. Christine Mau, 33rd Operations Group deputy

US Air Force (USAF) SENIOR AIRMAN (SRA) Robert Hutchinson, 80th Aerial Port Squadron (APS), Dobbins Air Reserve Base (ARB), Georgia (GA), uses a Hyster H155xl 15K forklift to move a cargo relief pallet. He and his unit are supporting relief operations conducted by Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in response to Hurricane Charley victims in Florida (FL)

A B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber, assigned to the 509th

Topics

air force usaf nighthawk stealth fighter aircraft nighthawk stealth fighter aircraft mission usaf kc stratotanker stratotanker aircraft arw nellis nellis air force base afb nevada service experimentation process service experimentation process millennium challenge millennium challenge joint command joint forces command usjfcom experiment effects operations ebo context rdo f 117 a kc 135 stratotanker refueling staff sergeant us air force air force base stealth fighter f 117 f 117 nighthawk high resolution usaf kc 135 stratotanker aircraft f 117 a nighthawk stealth fighter aircraft mc 02 experiment mc 02 ssgt aaron allmon ii military aircraft us national archives kc 135